At Yarmuk, the fate of the Eastern Roman Empire in the Levant was decided.
In 636 A.D., two worlds collided on the windswept plains near the Yarmuk River. The Eastern Roman Empire, exhausted but vic……続きを見る
At Pydna, the age of the phalanx came to an end.
In 168 B.C., Rome and Macedon met in a battle that would reshape the balance of power in the Mediterranean. For nearly two centuries, the Macedonian ……続きを見る
At Cynoscephalae, Rome proved that the Macedonian phalanx was no longer invincible.
In 197 B.C., the armies of Titus Quinctius Flamininus and Philip V of Macedon clashed among the rugged hills of Th……続きを見る
At Beneventum, Pyrrhus discovered that battlefield brilliance was no longer enough to defeat Rome.
In 275 B.C., the war between Pyrrhus of Epirus and the Roman Republic reached its decisive stage. A……続きを見る
At Dara, the Eastern Roman Empire proved that discipline, preparation, and operational control could halt the offensive power of Sassanian Persia.
In 530 A.D., near the fortified frontier city of Da……続きを見る
The Battle of Asculum was not a war of maneuver or surprise. It was a brutal contest of endurance between two powers already learning how difficult the other would be to destroy.
In 279 B.C., one ye……続きを見る
At Heraclea, Rome encountered an enemyーand a way of warーit had never faced before.
In 280 B.C., King Pyrrhus of Epirus crossed into southern Italy at the invitation of the Greek cities threatened ……続きを見る
At Tyre, no army could advanceーuntil one man refused to accept the limits of war.
In 332 B.C., Alexander the Great faced a city unlike any he had encountered. Tyre stood offshore, heavily fortified……続きを見る
At Ipsus, victory was not decided by strength aloneーbut by control of the battlefield.
In 301 B.C., the successors of Alexander the Great faced one another in a decisive struggle that would determi……続きを見る
At Delium, victory did not belong to the boldest army, but to the side that understood how discipline survives collapse.
In 424 B.C., near the sanctuary of Apollo at Delium in Boeotia, an Athenian f……続きを見る
At Mycale, Greek victory became irreversible. Persian power in the Aegean did not recover.
In 479 B.C., the balance of power in the eastern Mediterranean was shifting with sudden speed. Xerxes' gran……続きを見る
At Aegospotami, one surprise ended a generation of war.
In 405 B.C., after nearly three decades of struggle, Athens still possessed the fleet that had sustained its empire and prolonged the Peloponn……続きを見る
At Issus, terrain did not limit the battle. It redefined it.
In 333 B.C., Alexander of Macedon confronted Darius III in a narrow coastal corridor where the vast numerical superiority of the Persian ……続きを見る
At the Hydaspes, the river was not an obstacleーit was the decisive factor.
In 326 B.C., Alexander of Macedon confronted King Porus across a flooded and unpredictable river in the Indian subcontinen……続きを見る
The Battle of Plataea was the moment when the Persian Wars were settled for goodーand the outcome was far from inevitable.
In 479 B.C., on the plains of Boeotia, a vast imperial army stood against a……続きを見る
At the Granicus, the campaign in Asia ceased to be an intention and became a fact of war.
In 334 B.C., Alexander III of Macedon did not merely enter Persian territory; he forced the empire to contes……続きを見る
At Cunaxa, the Greeks won the battleーand lost everything else.
In 401 B.C., deep inside the Persian Empire, a disciplined Greek force shattered a numerically superior enemy. Minutes later, their pa……続きを見る
At Thermopylae, timeーnot terrainーwas the decisive weapon.
In 480 B.C., the Persian Empire advanced into Greece with overwhelming force. Xerxes commanded an army drawn from across Asia, supported b……続きを見る
At Marathon in 490 B.C., the survival of Greece was decided in a single charge.
The Persian Empire had already destroyed the city of Eretria and landed a powerful expeditionary force on the plain of……続きを見る
At Salamis, the fate of Greece was decided in confined waters.
In 480 B.C., Xerxes commanded the largest expeditionary force the ancient world had ever seen. Athens lay in ruins. The Peloponnese pre……続きを見る
At Gaugamela, numbers did not decide the battle. Command did.
In 331 B.C., Alexander of Macedon faced an empire that vastly outnumbered him. The Persian army possessed scale, resources, and politica……続きを見る
Victory at Mantinea did not reshape Greece. It revealed the limits of power.
In 362 B.C., the Greek world stood exhausted after decades of war. Sparta had fallen from supremacy. Athens sought recove……続きを見る
At Leuctra, the strongest army in Greece collapsed in a single afternoon.
In 371 B.C., on a plain in Boeotia, the Spartan armyーundefeated in open battle for generationsーwas broken by a force it ha……続きを見る
At Chaeronea, the Greek world crossed a point of no return.
In 338 B.C., on the plains of Boeotia, the armies of Athens, Thebes, and their allies confronted the rising power of Macedon. The Battle o……続きを見る
In The Deipnosophists, Volume 3, Athenaeus continues the detailed and varied discussions among the guests at the elaborate banquet. This volume explores a mix of subjects, from the origins of foods ……続きを見る
The Deipnosophists by Athenaeus of Naucratis is an encyclopedic work that provides a vivid picture of ancient Greek culture through a fictionalized banquet of intellectuals. The title, derived from ……続きを見る
In The Deipnosophists, Volume 2, Athenaeus continues the rich tapestry of discussion among the intellectuals gathered at the fictional banquet. Building upon the themes introduced in the first volum……続きを見る
Athenaeus (Naucratita) was a Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD. The Suda says only that he lived in the times of Marcus Aurel……続きを見る
A rhetorician of the late second century, Athenaeus wrote ‘The Deipnosophistae’ (‘Dinner-Table Philosophers’), a fifteen-book encyclopaedia of information on the ancient world, preserving otherwise ……続きを見る
The -Deipnosophistae- of Athenaeus is one of the most celebrated works of Greek grammar to survive from the ancient world. Athenaeus lived in Naukratis, Egypt, at the end of the second century AD. W……続きを見る
